Gvardjilas Cave

Discover Gvardjilas Klde: A Glimpse into the Late Upper Palaeolithic

Located in Georgia’s Imereti region, Gvardjilas Klde is a key site for understanding human life during the Late Upper Palaeolithic (around 19,700 to 14,700 years ago). Excavations have revealed over 30,000 artefacts, including advanced stone tools, bone implements, and evidence of early material use, such as flint and obsidian. This diversity highlights the ingenuity of the cave’s ancient inhabitants.

Our mission is to further uncover the secrets of this remarkable site and deepen our knowledge of human adaptation and tool-making in the region. Gvardjilas Klde’s unique two-phase occupation offers a rare look into the past, bridging essential gaps in our understanding of human history in the Caucasus.

[Click here to read more about the site ]

Our Mission and Programme

Past to Present Archaeology: Exploring Humanity’s Ancient Origins in Georgia

In partnership with Historic World Georgia, Dr Niko Tushabramishvili, and Ilia State University, Past to Present Archaeology is conducting ground-breaking research into early human migration and adaptation in the stunning Caucasus Mountains. Our mission is to advance our understanding of human origins while offering participants the opportunity to gain practical archaeological skills and immerse themselves in the rich history of Georgia.

In 2025, we will resume excavations at the artefact-rich Gvardjilas Klde Cave, focusing on uncovering Palaeolithic artefacts that reveal early hominin behaviours and tool-making techniques. Our research aims to understand the site’s unique two-phase occupation spanning from approximately 19,700 to 14,500 years ago. By investigating lithic tools, microlithic elements, and other cultural artefacts, we aim to fill critical gaps in our knowledge of human activity in the region and uncover why Gvardjilas Klde was periodically favoured as a habitation site.

This project not only advances scientific knowledge but also aims to support the local economy in Chiatura and the broader Imereti region by promoting heritage tourism and creating educational opportunities for the community. Through our work, we’re helping to preserve Georgia’s ancient heritage while contributing to economic growth and cultural pride in a region with limited resources.

Whether by participating in our projects or supporting us as a Season Member, your involvement will make these vital research efforts possible. Together, we can explore our ancient past and ensure Georgia’s remarkable history is preserved for future generations.

Project Dates:

Gvardjilas Period 1: Sunday 17th August to Sunday 24th August 2025
Gvardjilas Period 2: Sunday 24th August to Sunday 31st August 2025
Gvardjilas Period 3: Sunday 31st August to Sunday 7th September 2025
Gvardjilas Period 4: Sunday 7th September to Sunday 14th September 2025

Gvardjilas Phase 1: Sunday 17th August to Sunday 31st August 2025
Gvardjilas Phase 2: Sunday 31st August to Sunday 14th September 2025

Gvardjilas All: Sunday 17th August to Sunday 14th September 2025

Pricing:

One-Week Intensive: Immerse yourself for a week with accommodation at £1,000 per person.

Two-Week Deep Dive: Extend your learning with a two-week stay for £1,800.

Four-Week Exploration: Master your skills over four weeks for £3,000.

Please note: Travel costs to and from Georgia are not included. Payment plans available.

Hands-On Archaeological Training at Gvardjilas Klde

Under the guidance of archaeologists from Past to Present Archaeology and Historic World Georgia, you’ll gain hands-on experience in a range of essential archaeological techniques, specifically tailored to the unique challenges of cave excavation. Your training will include:

Single-Context Excavation: Receive guided training in precise excavation techniques, with support throughout as you learn to document complex cave stratigraphy accurately.
Maintaining Accurate Site Records: Develop skills in record-keeping, with guidance to ensure each discovery is properly documented.
Archaeological Site Photography: Learn basic photography techniques for capturing excavation details, with hands-on support from our experienced team.
Artefact Retrieval and Cataloguing: Gain practical experience in carefully retrieving and cataloguing artefacts, under the supervision of our archaeologists.
3D Survey of Artefacts: Participate in 3D surveying, creating digital records that aid in analysis and preservation, with step-by-step instruction.
Lithic Identification and Typological Analysis: Begin learning to identify and classify stone tools, an essential skill for studying early tool-making, with expert guidance.
Drawing Archaeological Plans and Sections: Receive instruction on producing scaled drawings, essential for interpreting cave sites.
Archaeological Interpretation and Sequencing: Work alongside our team to interpret artefacts and layers, developing a deeper understanding of the site’s history.

This is a rare opportunity to learn specialised skills within the fascinating environment of an ancient cave, adding depth to your archaeological expertise.

Catering and Accommodation:

Participants will stay in comfortable shared accommodation across two houses located in Chiatura. Rooms are primarily twin-shared, with communal bathroom and toilet facilities.

All meals are included in the package, ensuring a seamless and enjoyable experience throughout your stay. You’ll enjoy a variety of dishes prepared by trainee chefs, offering a taste of local Georgian cuisine. For a true cultural experience, select meals will be accompanied by carefully chosen local Georgian wines, adding a touch of the region’s renowned hospitality to your stay.

Additional Information and Extras

Our archaeological sessions run Monday to Friday, from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm, with a break for lunch at 1:00 pm. Saturdays are dedicated to excursions, where participants will visit an archaeological site each week. These excursions include lunch, then dinner at a local restaurant, and a Georgian wine-tasting experience. Sundays are reserved as transfer days and for rest.

Frequently Asked Questions

Where is Imereti Region, and which airport should I fly to?

The Imereti Region is located in western Georgia, highlighted in purple on our map. The two main airports serving this area are Tbilisi and Kutaisi. Transfers can be arranged from either airport, with a scheduled meeting point and time—typically midday (12:00 pm) on Sundays. Be sure to indicate your arrival details on your participant form to confirm your transfer. Taxis are also affordable, and buses connect to both Tbilisi and Kutaisi

What can I expect to learn during the field school?

The Bondi project is specific to cave archaeology, offering training tailored to the unique challenges and techniques of excavating cave sites. Participants will learn a variety of skills, from setting up excavation grids to artefact retrieval, documentation, and environmental sampling—all within the context of cave environments.

What should I bring?

We recommend packing for warm weather, as summer temperatures in Georgia range between 25-30°C. Sturdy footwear, such as steel-toe capped boots, and durable clothing that you don’t mind getting dirty are essential. Bring sun protection (hat, sunscreen) and gloves (spares will be available on-site). While bedding is provided, please remember to bring your own towel.

Where will the weekly excursions be?

Week 1: Our excursion will take you to Uplistsikhe, an ancient rock-hewn town carved into cliffs overlooking the Mtkvari River. Dating back to the 1^st millennium BC, this site offers a unique glimpse into Georgia’s past, with fascinating rock-cut temples, intricate tunnel systems, and panoramic views. You’ll also visit the Uplistsikhe Winery to sample traditional Georgian wines, making this excursion a perfect blend of history, culture, and local flavour.
Week 2: At the end of the week, we’ll visit Geguti Palace and Motsameta Monastery. Geguti Palace, a 12^th-century royal residence, showcases the grandeur of medieval Georgian architecture and offers insights into the country’s noble history. Following this, we’ll explore Motsameta Monastery, perched on a cliff above the Tskaltsitela River, known for its serene beauty and deeply rooted legends. This journey combines the elegance of Georgian royalty with the spirituality of an ancient monastic site.
Week 3: Our next excursion will take you to Nokalakevi, an ancient fortress city dating back to the 3^rd century BC, also known as the “City of the Lost Kings.” Nokalakevi was a crucial stronghold in the Kingdom of Colchis, where you’ll explore ancient walls, towers, and archaeological sites that reveal layers of Georgian history, from Hellenistic influences to medieval fortifications.
Week 4: Finally, we’ll visit the Vani Archaeological Site, a former religious and political centre of ancient Colchis, dating back to the 8^th century BC. Known for its rich findings, including gold jewellery and intricate artefacts, Vani showcases the advanced craftsmanship and culture of ancient Georgia, connecting you with the legendary kingdom of the Golden Fleece.

Do I need a trowel?

If you have your own trowel, feel free to bring it. Alternatively, you can purchase one of our excavation packs, which includes a trowel. Full details are available on the booking page.

Is there a site t-shirt?

Yes, a site t-shirt and even a site hoody will be available for order online prior to your arrival.

How can I support the project if I can’t attend?

If you’re unable to join us in person, you can still support our research through our Season Membership. Members receive updates, video tours, and a summary report, plus a chance to visit the site during our open day.

Help Us Crowdfund this Dig: Become a Season Member!

Support our mission to uncover the the roots of our ancient past, even if you can’t join us in the field. By becoming a Season Member for just £50, you’ll gain exclusive access to our dig from the comfort of your home and enjoy a range of perks:

Project Updates: Stay up to date with regular reports from the dig, featuring insights into our latest discoveries and behind-the-scenes stories.
Video Tours with the Team: Experience the site virtually through video tours led by our team of archaeologists, giving you a closer look at the excavation process and key finds.
Summary Report: Receive a detailed report summarising the project’s findings, delivered straight to your inbox in January 2026.
Free Site Tour: If you are visiting Georgia, you are welcome to visit the dig site in person with a complimentary tour
Museum Lectures: Enjoy free video link to the afternoon of lectures at the Chiatura Museum (date to be confirmed), where we’ll discuss the Palaeolithic archaeology of the region.

Your membership not only supports our archaeological research but also makes you a valued part of our community.